staying within the Church. This group gradually became vocal and approached Col. Fraser, the British
Resident, with a memorandum in 1836 . But since nothing came of it, Abraham Malpan decided to take
action in his own parish of Maramon which was sympathetic towards his ideas of reform. He translated
the liturgy of the Holy Qurbana into local language Malayalam from Syriac and also eliminated from it the
prayers for the dead and invocation of saints etc. He celebrated Holy Qurbana in his church using the
revised St.James liturgy on a Sunday in 1836. This was tantamount to firing the first shot of the
reformation. He later on removed from the church the wooden image of a saint reputed to have
miraculous powers, and in whose honor an annual festival was held that brought in huge income to the
Parish. Both at Maramon and at the Syrian Seminary at Kottayam, and in the neighboring Parishes of
Pallom and Kollad, Abraham Malpan popularized Bible teaching and preaching. Abraham Malpan and
Geevarghese Malpan had to give up their service in the Seminary, in 1840. Since then Abraham Malpan
concentrated his attention on the work of reform, holding Bible classes and prayer meetings and
instructing the deacons who were loyal to him.
Most prominent elements in the Reformation were:
Return to the gospel message of salvation by faith in Jesus Christ;
Cleansing of wrong ways of life, and
Taking up responsibility to be witnesses of Jesus Christ to other;
All importance be given to the primacy of the Word of God.
Thus the reformation movement was started. It was a return to the purity of the life and practice of the
early Church. The emphasis on preaching the word of God led to revival meetings, which were led both
by the clergy and laymen. The domination of the clergy as custodians of grace became a thing of the
past. Emphasis was given to the sole mediation of Christ, importance of laity and priesthood of all
believers. More and more groups were formed for Bible study; and conventions for preaching and
hearing the Word of God became common.
Metropolitan Chepat Mar Dionysius was not prepared to accept such changes. So he refused to ordain
the deacons who had undergone training with Abraham Malpan. He also excommunicated Abraham
Malpan. So Abraham Malpan went to his mother-parish at Maramon. He stood strong in faith and
convictions when faced with serious challenges and great difficulties. However the whole parish stood
with him. Others who favoured the reforms went to hear his preaching and were strengthed by his
exhortations. Some other parishes also decided to adopt the programme of reformation. Abraham
Malpan realized that unless he had the support of a bishop who was sympathetic towards his reforms,
there was little prospect of the movement gaining ground. So he sent his nephew Deacon Mathew, who
was then studying in Madras, to the Patriarch at Mardin in Syria. The Patriarch, being impressed with the
character and ability of the deacon, in due course ordained him as priest and consecrated him as
Metropolitan, with the name Mathews Mar Athanasius. The new Bishop arrived in Cochin in 1843 with
credentials received from the Patriarch.
The new Metropolitan went to Trivandrum and tried to obtain the Royal proclamation declaring him as the
Metropolitan of the Malankara Church. Chepat Mar Dionysius opposed this. Mathews Mar Athanasius got
the royal proclamation in 1852 declaring him as the Metropolitan of the Malankara Church. Abraham
Malpan died at the early age of 49 years in 1845. Having received the Royal proclamation, Mathews Mar
Athanasius made himself more active and involved in the cause of reformation. Years later a group led by
Pulikottil Joseph Mar Dionysius who was consecrated by the Patriarch of Antioch worked vigorously
against him and his attempts to continue reformation. Mathews Mar Athanasius, consecratd his cousin
Abraham Malpan’s son, as Thomas Mar Athanasius in 1868. The reformed party had possession of the
Syrian Seminary as Mathews Mar Athanasius had been declared as the Malankara Metropolitan. The
Partriarch of Antioch himself came to Kerala in 1875. A prolonged litigation followed, as to who was the